Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-silicone ekumgangatho wokutya kunye ne-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo?

1. Inkcazo kunye noMgangatho
1.1 Inkcazo kunye neeMfuno zeSatifikethi seSilicone yeSigaba sokutya
I-silicone yodidi lokutyaibhekisa kwiimveliso zesilicone ezisetyenziselwa ukunxibelelana kokutya, ezifana nezitya zokukhusela abantwana, iziphatho zezixhobo zasekhitshini, iiringi zokuvala, njl. Ezi mveliso zidibana ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo nokutya, kwaye ukhuseleko kunye nococeko lwezinto zazo zibalulekile. Isilicone yomgangatho wokutya kufuneka ihlangabezane nemigangatho engqongqo yesizwe kunye neemfuno zesatifikethi samazwe ngamazwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayizukubangela ungcoliseko ekutyeni ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwaye ikhusele impilo yabathengi.
ETshayina, umgangatho wovavanyo lweemveliso zesilicone ezikumgangatho wokutya wamkela i-GB 4806.11-2016 “Iimpahla kunye neeMveliso zeRubber zoQhagamshelwano loKutya lweSizwe”. Lo mgangatho uchaza iimfuno, iindlela zovavanyo, imithetho yokuhlola kunye nokuchongwa kwelebheli kwezinto zerabha kunye neemveliso zoqhagamshelwano lokutya. Izinto zokulinganisa ziquka uvavanyo lweemvakalelo, umxholo wesinyithi esinzima (ngokwe-lead), ukusetyenziswa kwe-potassium permanganate, ukufuduka okupheleleyo (i-4% ye-acetic acid, i-10% ye-ethanol, i-50% ye-ethanol), njl.
Kumazwe ngamazwe, iimfuno zesatifikethi se-silicone yodidi lokutya nazo zingqongqo kakhulu. Umzekelo, i-US FDA (uLawulo lokutya namayeza) iqulunqe imigangatho yezinto zokudibanisa ukutya, apho uMgaqo 21 CFR 177.2600 ucacisa ngokucacileyo ifomyula kunye neemeko zokudibanisa iimveliso zerabha ze-silicone zokudibanisa ukutya, kwaye ufuna ukumiselwa kwesixa esipheleleyo serabha ye-silicone emanzini acocekileyo kunye ne-n-hexane. I-LFGB ye-EU (uMthetho woLawulo lweeMfuno zemihla ngemihla, ukutya, iTobacco Products, Cosmetics kunye nezinye izinto ezifunekayo zemihla ngemihla) ifuna ukuba iimveliso zerabha ze-silicone ziphumelele uvavanyo olupheleleyo lweekhemikhali, kubandakanya ukufuduka okupheleleyo (amanzi acocekileyo, i-3% ye-acetic acid, i-10% ye-ethanol), uvavanyo lwexabiso le-peroxide, umxholo wesinyithi esinzima (ngokwe-cadmium kunye ne-lead), i-total organic volatiles kunye ne-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
1.2 Inkcazo kunye nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo ye-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo
I-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo sisixhobo se-silicone esine-silicon dioxide yendalo njengesixhobo esiphambili, esineempawu zokungabi natyhefu, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuhambelana okuhle kwezinto eziphilayo. Inkqubo yayo yokuvelisa inongcoliseko oluphantsi kakhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo. Sisixhobo esifanelekileyo esinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye sisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zonyango, kwiinqwelomoya nasemkhosini, kwiimfuno zemihla ngemihla nakwamanye amacandelo.
Imigangatho yokusingqongileyo ye-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ibandakanya ikakhulu inkqubo yayo yokuvelisa, inkqubo yokusetyenziswa kunye nokulahla inkunkuma. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, i-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo isetyenziswa kancinci kwaye ivelisa inkunkuma encinci, ehlangabezana neemfuno zophuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, iimveliso ze-silicone ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zingasetyenziswa kwakhona, zinciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwiimveliso zeplastiki ezilahlwayo, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo kunye nokuveliswa kwenkunkuma. Ukongeza, i-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo inokuphinda isetyenziswe kwaye isetyenziswe kwakhona ngeendlela ezikhethekileyo emva kokuba ilahliwe, nto leyo enciphisa ngakumbi impembelelo kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Kwihlabathi liphela, imigangatho yokusingqongileyo ye-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ikwabandakanya imiqathango kwizinto ezinobungozi. Umzekelo, i-RoHS Directive ye-EU (Umqathango weZinto ezinobungozi) ithi izinto ezithile ezinobungozi zithintelwe kwiimveliso ze-elektroniki. Ukuba i-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo isetyenziswa kwiimveliso ze-elektroniki, kufuneka ithobele lo myalelo. Ukongeza, i-REACH Regulation (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemical Substances) ikwabeka iimfuno ezingqongqo kwiikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kwi-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.

2. Izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nenkqubo yemveliso
2.1 Ukucoceka kwezinto eziluhlaza ze-silicone ekumgangatho wokutya kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo yemveliso
I-silicone yodidi lokutya ineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zokucoceka kwezinto eziluhlaza. Icandelo layo eliphambili yi-silicon dioxide, kwaye isanti ye-silica okanye ye-quartz ecocekileyo kakhulu idla ngokusetyenziswa njengezinto ezisisiseko. Ezi zinto ziluhlaza kufuneka zilawule ngokungqongqo umxholo wokungcola ngexesha lokumba nokucubungula ukuqinisekisa ukucoceka nokhuseleko lwemveliso yokugqibela. Umzekelo, umda womxholo wesinyithi esinzima kwi-silicone yodidi lokutya ungqongqo kakhulu, kwaye umxholo we-lead awufanele udlule kwi-0.05 mg/kg, nto leyo efuna ukuba izinto eziluhlaza maziphephe ukungcola kwesinyithi esinzima ngexesha lokumba nokucubungula.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso, imeko-bume yemveliso ye-silicone yodidi lokutya kufuneka ilawulwe ngokungqongqo, kwaye idla ngokusebenza kwindawo yokusebenzela ecocekileyo ukuthintela uthuli kunye nokunye ukungcola ekungcoleni. Iiparameter ezifana nobushushu, uxinzelelo kunye nexesha kwinkqubo yemveliso nazo kufuneka zilawulwe ngokuchanekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukusebenza kwe-silicone kuyahlangabezana nemigangatho yodidi lokutya. Umzekelo, inkqubo ye-vulcanization ye-silicone yodidi lokutya idla ngokusebenzisa i-platinum vulcanizer, engenakukwazi nje ukubonelela ngesiphumo esihle se-vulcanization, kodwa ikwaqinisekisa ukungabi natyhefu kunye nokungabi navumba kwemveliso. Ukongeza, kufuneka uvavanyo olungqongqo lomgangatho kwinyathelo ngalinye kwinkqubo yemveliso, kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, ukuvavanywa kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo kunye nokuhlolwa kokugqibela kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lwemveliso.
2.2 Imithombo yezinto eziluhlaza ze-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kunye namanyathelo okukhusela okusingqongileyo kwinkqubo yemveliso
Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo zifumaneka kakhulu, kuquka i-silica yendalo kunye ne-siloxane yokwenziwa. I-silica yendalo idla ngokuvela kwi-quartz ore okanye i-diatomaceous earth, eneendawo ezininzi zokugcina kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokusingqongileyo. Ii-siloxanes zokwenziwa zilungiswa ngokwenziwa kweekhemikhali, kwaye inkqubo yazo yokuvelisa ihlala iphucuka ukunciphisa impembelelo kwindalo.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso, abavelisi be-silicone abanobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo bathathe amanyathelo okukhusela okusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, amandla acocekileyo afana negesi yendalo okanye umbane asetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo yamafutha amalahle emveli ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-carbon dioxide kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo. Kwangaxeshanye, amanzi amdaka kunye negesi engcolileyo eveliswa ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso nawo aphathwa ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayahlangabezana nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo. Amanzi amdaka adla ngokuphathwa nge-sedimentation, filtration kunye nonyango lweekhemikhali ukususa izinto eziyingozi; igesi emdaka iphathwa nge-adsorption, i-catalytic combustion kunye nezinye iiteknoloji zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwee-volatious organic compounds. Ukongeza, abavelisi be-silicone abanobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo banika ingqalelo ekusetyenzisweni kwakhona nasekusetyenzisweni kwakhona kwenkunkuma, kwaye baphinda basebenzise i-silicone emdaka eveliswa ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso kwaye bayisebenzise kwakhona kwimveliso, ngaloo ndlela banciphisa inkunkuma yezixhobo kunye nokuveliswa kwenkunkuma.

3. Impembelelo yokhuseleko nempilo
3.1 Iimpawu ezingenabungozi nezingenabungozi ze-silicone ekumgangatho wokutya
I-silicone yodidi lokutya isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokudibanisa ukutya ngenxa yokhuseleko lwayo oluphezulu. Icandelo layo eliphambili, i-silicon dioxide, ineempawu zeekhemikhali ezizinzileyo kwaye ayisebenzi ngokweekhemikhali nezinye izinto ngaphandle kwe-alkali enamandla kunye ne-hydrofluoric acid. Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa, i-silicone yodidi lokutya ayizukukhupha izinto eziyingozi, kwaye ayizukuchaphazela umbala, ivumba, kunye nencasa yokutya. Umzekelo, ii-pacifiers zosana, njengeemveliso ezidibana ngqo nomlomo weentsana nabantwana abancinci, zenziwe nge-silicone yodidi lokutya. Iimpawu zayo ezingezizo iityhefu kwaye azinavumba zinokukhusela impilo yeentsana nabantwana abancinci.
Ukumelana nobushushu kwe-silicone yodidi lokutya kukwabonelela ngesiqinisekiso sokhuseleko lwayo. Ububanzi bayo bokumelana nobushushu ngokubanzi buphakathi kwe--40℃ kunye ne-200℃. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo, nokuba ifrijiwe, iqandisiwe okanye iphekiwe kubushushu obuphezulu, iimveliso ze-silicone yodidi lokutya zinokuhlala zizinzile kwaye aziyi kuvelisa izinto eziyingozi ngenxa yotshintsho lobushushu. Ukongeza, emva kovavanyo olungqongqo lomgangatho, umxholo wesinyithi esinzima, ukusetyenziswa kwe-potassium permanganate, kunye nokufuduka okupheleleyo kweemveliso ze-silicone yodidi lokutya zihlangabezana nemigangatho yesizwe, okuqinisekisa ngakumbi ukhuseleko lwazo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
3.2 Impembelelo enokubakho ye-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwindalo esingqongileyo nakwimpilo yabantu
Njengezinto eziluhlaza, i-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ayinampembelelo ingako kwindalo esingqongileyo. Amanyathelo okukhusela indalo esingqongileyo asetyenziswa kwinkqubo yayo yemveliso, njengokusetyenziswa kwamandla acocekileyo, unyango olungqongqo lwamanzi amdaka kunye negesi yokukhupha umoya, kunye nokurisayikilisha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwenkunkuma, kunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ungcoliseko kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, iimveliso ze-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo zinokuqina okuhle kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona, okunciphisa ukuveliswa kwenkunkuma. Ukongeza, i-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo inokuphinda isetyenziswe kwaye isetyenziswe kwakhona ngeendlela ezikhethekileyo emva kokuba ilahliwe, nto leyo enciphisa ngakumbi impembelelo kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Kwimpilo yabantu, i-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ikwakhuselekile kakhulu. Isithako sayo esiphambili, i-silica yendalo, ayinabungozi kwaye ayinavumba, kwaye ayizukulimaza umzimba womntu phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa. Nangona kunjalo, i-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo inokuchaphazeleka zizinto ezingqongileyo kwizicelo ezithile. Umzekelo, ukuba iimveliso ze-silicone ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo zichaphazeleka kwiikhemikhali ezithile ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ukusebenza kwazo kunokuchaphazeleka kwinqanaba elithile. Kodwa ngokubanzi, impembelelo ye-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwimpilo yabantu incinci xa isetyenziswa rhoqo kwaye iphathwa ngokufanelekileyo.

4. Iimpawu zomzimba nezekhemikhali
4.1 Ukumelana nobushushu, ukumelana nokwaluphala kunye namandla okukrazula kwe-silicone yodidi lokutya
Ukumelana nobushushu kwe-silicone yodidi lokutya kulungile kakhulu, kwaye inokuhlala izinzile kubushushu obuphakathi kwe--40℃ ukuya kwi-230℃. Olu luhlu lubanzi lokumelana nobushushu luyenza ikwazi ukuziqhelanisa neendawo ezahlukeneyo zobushushu obugqithisileyo. Nokuba kukupholisa, ukukhenkceza okanye ukupheka kubushushu obuphezulu, iimveliso ze-silicone yodidi lokutya zingasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokuvelisa izinto ezinobungozi okanye ukwehla kokusebenza ngenxa yotshintsho lobushushu.
Ukumelana kwayo nokwaluphala nako kugqwesile. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, iimveliso ze-silicone ezikumgangatho wokutya zinokugcina iipropati ezilungileyo zomzimba nezekhemikhali. Oku kungenxa yeempawu zekhemikhali ezizinzileyo zecandelo layo eliphambili, i-silicon dioxide, engasabelani ngeekhemikhali nezinye izinto ngaphandle kwe-alkali enamandla kunye ne-hydrofluoric acid. Olu zinzo luvumela iimveliso ze-silicone ezikumgangatho wokutya ukuba zigcine imo yazo yokuqala, ukuthamba kunye namandla emva kokudibana ixesha elide nezinto ezingqongileyo ezifana nokutya, umoya kunye nokufuma, kwaye azinakwaluphala, ziwohloke kwaye ezinye iingxaki.
Ukongeza, i-silicone yodidi lokutya inokumelana nokukrazuka okuphezulu. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo, iimveliso ze-silicone yodidi lokutya azikwazi ukukrazuka nokuba zoluliwe kwaye zikrazukile ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Umzekelo, xa kusenziwa ii-mold zokubhaka, i-silicone yodidi lokutya inokumelana nokwanda kunye nokuphuma kwentlama, igcine ukuthembeka kunye nokuma kwe-mold, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekise umgangatho kunye nokubonakala kokutya okubhakiweyo. Olu kumelana nokukrazuka okuphezulu akupheleli nje ekwandiseni ubomi benkonzo yeemveliso ze-silicone yodidi lokutya, kodwa ikwaphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lwazo kwizicelo ezisebenzayo.
4.2 Ukuqina, ukubola kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali kwe-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo
I-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo inokuqina okuhle, kwaye iimpawu zayo zomzimba nezekhemikhali zinokuhlala zizinzile ixesha elide phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa. Olu kuqina lubangelwa ikakhulu ziimpawu zekhemikhali ezizinzileyo zesithako sayo esiphambili, i-silica yendalo, kunye nolawulo oluqinileyo lwezinto ezikrwada kunye neenkqubo ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso. Iimveliso ze-silicone ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo azigugi, ziguquguquke, ziphele kunye nezinye iingxaki ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, kwaye zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa.
Nangona i-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ngokwayo ingekho lula ukuyitshabalalisa ngokwendalo, inokuphinda isetyenziswe kwaye isetyenziswe ngeendlela ezikhethekileyo. Umzekelo, iimveliso ze-silicone ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo zinokuguqulwa zibe zizinto ezintsha ze-silicon ngokubola kobushushu obuphezulu, emva koko zenziwe kwakhona zibe ziimveliso ze-silicone. Oku kuphinda kusetyenziswe akunciphisi nje kuphela ubungakanani benkunkuma, kodwa kusindisa nezixhobo zezinto eziluhlaza, nto leyo ehambelana nombono wophuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ukongeza, ngokuqhubeka kweteknoloji, kuphuhliswa ezinye izinto ezintsha ze-silicone ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, kwaye iipropati zazo ezibolayo kulindeleke ukuba ziphuculwe ngakumbi.
Ngokuphathelele ukuzinza kweekhemikhali, i-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo isebenza kakuhle. Isithako sayo esiphambili, i-silica yendalo, ayinatyhefu kwaye ayinavumba, kwaye ayisayi kusabela ngokwekhemikhali nezinye izinto phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa. Olu kuzinza kweekhemikhali lwenza iimveliso ze-silicone ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo zigcine ukusebenza kwazo kunye nokhuseleko xa zichatshazelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali. Umzekelo, kwicandelo lezixhobo zonyango, ezomoya kunye nezomkhosi, iimveliso ze-silicone ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kufuneka zihlangane neendawo ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali ezintsonkothileyo, kwaye ukuzinza kwazo okuhle kweekhemikhali kunokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwezi mveliso ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.

5. Amasimi esicelo
5.1 Ukusetyenziswa kwe-silicone ekumgangatho wokutya kwiindawo zokutya, kwezonyango nakwezinye iindawo
I-silicone yodidi lokutya isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokutya nezonyango ngenxa yokhuseleko lwayo olugqwesileyo kunye nokusebenza kwayo.
Intsimi yokutya
Izixhobo zasekhitshini kunye nezitya zasetafileni: I-silicone yodidi lokutya isetyenziswa kakhulu ukwenza izixhobo zasekhitshini ezahlukeneyo kunye nezitya zasetafileni, ezifana nee-spatula ze-silicone, iipuni, ii-clamps kunye nezinye izixhobo zokupheka, ezinokumelana kakuhle nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokukrwela. Umzekelo, ii-spatula ze-silicone zingasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokupheka ezinobushushu obuphezulu ngaphandle kokukhupha izinto eziyingozi okanye iimbiza zokukrwela. Ukongeza, izixhobo zokubhaka ezifana nee-silicone cake molds kunye nee-biscuit molds ziyathandwa ngabantu abathanda ukubhaka ngenxa yokuba azinamatheli kwaye kulula ukuzisusa.
Ukupakisha ukutya: Imicu yokuvala i-silicone ekumgangatho wokutya isetyenziswa ekupakisheni ukutya ukuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukutya ekuboleni nasekungcoleni. Umzekelo, ifilimu yokunamathela ye-silicone ingasetyenziswa kwakhona, inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye ayinabungozi ekutyeni, kwaye iyindawo efanelekileyo yokuthatha indawo yefilimu yokunamathela yendabuko.
Izixhobo zokulungisa ukutya: Kwinkqubo yokulungisa ukutya, iiringi zokuvala, iibhanti zokuhambisa kunye nezinye izinto ezenziwe nge-silicone yodidi lokutya zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Ezi zinto zinokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokucoca ngamakhemikhali ngexesha lokulungisa ukutya ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nococeko lwenkqubo yokulungisa ukutya.
Icandelo lezonyango
Iimveliso zosana: Iingono neebhotile ezenziwe nge-silicone yodidi lokutya zikhuselekile kwaye azinabungozi, kwaye azinampembelelo kwimpilo yeentsana. Umzekelo, ukuthamba kunye nokuguquguquka kweengono ze-silicone kunokulinganisa imvakalelo yokufunxa ubisi lwebele, okwenza kube lula ngeentsana ukuba zilwamkele.
Izixhobo zonyango: Ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo kwe-silicone yodidi lokutya kwenza ukuba isetyenziswe ekwenzeni izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango, ezinje ngee-catheters kunye neetyhubhu zokukhupha amanzi. Ezi zixhobo zonyango aziyi kucaphukisa okanye zibangele i-allergy kwizicwili zabantu ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, nto leyo eqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yezonyango.
5.2 Ukusetyenziswa kwe-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kushishino, ulwakhiwo nakwezinye iindawo
I-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo isetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino nasekwakhiweni ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokukhusela okusingqongileyo, ukuqina kwayo kunye neempawu zayo zomzimba nezekhemikhali ezilungileyo.
Intsimi yemizi-mveliso
Izixhobo ze-elektroniki nezombane: I-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo isetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni iimveliso ze-elektroniki, ezinje ngamaqhosha e-silicone, izigqubuthelo zokukhusela ze-silicone, njl. Ezi mveliso ze-silicone azinazo nje kuphela ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuchukumisa nokugcina ixesha, kodwa zikwabonelela ngobushushu obuhle kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu. Umzekelo, iibhokisi zefowuni ze-silicone zinokukhusela iifowuni eziphathwayo ekukrweleni nasekuchaphazelekeni, kwaye zisebenza kakuhle ekuchitheni ubushushu.
Ukwenziwa koomatshini: I-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iindawo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini kunye nezitywino, ezifana nezitywino ze-silicone zohlobo lwe-O, iimathi ezingatyibilikiyo, njl. Ezi ndawo zinokumelana okuhle nobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana neoyile kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka, nto leyo enokuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nobomi benkonzo yezixhobo zoomatshini.
Inqwelomoya kunye nemikhosi: I-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo zeenqwelomoya kunye nemikhosi, njengeemaski ezingangeni manzi, ii-headphones ezicima ingxolo, ii-brake pads, njl. Ezi mveliso azidingi nje ukuba neempawu ezintle zomzimba, kodwa kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo ukuze kuncitshiswe impembelelo kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Intsimi yokwakha
Izinto zokutywina: Imicu yokutywina ye-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo isetyenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni iingcango, iifestile, iindonga zamakhethini kunye nezinye iindawo, nto leyo enokuthintela ngempumelelo ukungena kwamanzi nomoya kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-thermal insulation yezakhiwo. Umzekelo, imicu yokutywina ye-silicone akulula ukuyiguga okanye ukuyiguqula ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, kwaye inokugcina isiphumo esihle sokutywina.
Izinto zokuhombisa: I-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza izinto ezahlukeneyo zokuhombisa izakhiwo, ezifana nee-silicone molds zokwenza izinto zokuhombisa. Ezi zinto zokuhombisa zinokumelana kakuhle nemozulu kwaye zihlala ixesha elide, kwaye zinokugcina ubuhle bazo ixesha elide.

6. Ixabiso kunye nexabiso
6.1 Izinto ezibiza kakhulu ze-silicone yodidi lokutya
I-silicone yodidi lokutya inexabiso eliphezulu ngenxa yemigangatho yayo yokhuseleko engqongqo kunye neemfuno zomgangatho ophezulu. Ixabiso layo eliphezulu libonakala kakhulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo:
Ixabiso lezinto eziluhlaza: I-silicone yodidi lokutya ineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zokucoceka kwezinto eziluhlaza, kwaye idla ngokusebenzisa isanti ye-silica okanye i-quartz ecocekileyo njengezinto ezisisiseko. Iindleko zokuthengwa kwezi zinto ziluhlaza ezicocekileyo ziphezulu, kwaye umxholo wokungcola kufuneka ulawulwe ngokungqongqo ngexesha lokucubungula, nto leyo enyusa ngakumbi iindleko zokucubungula izinto eziluhlaza.
Iindleko zokulawula inkqubo yemveliso: Inkqubo yemveliso ye-silicone yodidi lokutya kufuneka yenziwe kwindawo yokusebenzela ecocekileyo ukuthintela ungcoliseko luthuli kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo. Ukongeza, iiparameter ezifana nobushushu, uxinzelelo kunye nexesha kwinkqubo yemveliso kufuneka zilawulwe ngokuchanekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukusebenza kwemveliso kuyahlangabezana nemigangatho yodidi lokutya. Umzekelo, inkqubo ye-vulcanization esebenzisa i-platinum vulcanizer ayibizi nje kuphela, kodwa ikwafuna novavanyo olungqongqo lomgangatho. La manyathelo olawulo olungqongqo lwemveliso anyusa iindleko zenkqubo yemveliso.
Iindleko zovavanyo lomgangatho: Iimveliso zesilicone ezikumgangatho wokutya kufuneka zivavanye umgangatho ngokungqongqo, kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, ukuvavanywa kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo kunye novavanyo lokugqibela lweemveliso ezigqityiweyo. Ezi zinto zovavanyo ziquka uvavanyo lweemvakalelo, umxholo wesinyithi esinzima, ukusetyenziswa kwe-potassium permanganate, ukufuduka okupheleleyo, njl. Iinkqubo zovavanyo olungqongqo kunye notyalo-mali lwezixhobo zonyusa iindleko zovavanyo lomgangatho weemveliso.
Ixabiso lesatifikethi: Iimveliso zesilicone ezikumgangatho wokutya kufuneka ziphumelele isatifikethi esingqongqo, esifana nesatifikethi se-US FDA kunye nesatifikethi se-EU LFGB. Ezi satifikethi azifuni nje kuphela iinkampani ukuba zityale ixesha elininzi kunye namandla, kodwa kufuneka zihlawule neentlawulo eziphezulu zesatifikethi. Umzekelo, isatifikethi se-FDA sifuna iinkampani ukuba zenze uthotho lweemvavanyo ezinzima kunye novavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko lokutya.
6.2 Iingenelo zexabiso kunye nomahluko wamaxabiso e-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo
I-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ineenzuzo ezithile ngokwexabiso, kwaye ixabiso layo liphantsi kakhulu, nto leyo ebonakala kakhulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo:
Ixabiso lezinto eziluhlaza: Izinto eziluhlaza ze-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo zifumaneka kakhulu, kuquka i-silica yendalo kunye ne-siloxane yokwenziwa. I-silica yendalo idla ngokuvela kwi-quartz ore okanye i-diatomaceous earth, eneendawo ezininzi zokugcina kunye neendleko zokuthenga eziphantsi. Ukongeza, inkqubo yokuvelisa i-siloxane yokwenziwa nayo iphucuka rhoqo, nto leyo enciphisa ngakumbi iindleko zokuvelisa izinto eziluhlaza.
Iindleko zenkqubo yemveliso: Nangona kuthathwe uthotho lwamanyathelo okukhusela okusingqongileyo kwinkqubo yemveliso ye-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, iimfuno zendalo yokuvelisa kunye nenkqubo zikhululekile xa zithelekiswa ne-silicone yodidi lokutya. Umzekelo, amanyathelo onyango lwamandla acocekileyo kunye namanzi amdaka kunye negesi emdaka asetyenziswa kwinkqubo yemveliso ye-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo anyusa iindleko zemveliso, kodwa iindleko zizonke zisephantsi kunolawulo olungqongqo lwemveliso ye-silicone yodidi lokutya.
Indawo yemarike kunye nomahluko wamaxabiso: I-silicone yodidi lokutya isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokutya, kwezonyango nakwezinye iindawo ezineemfuno zokhuseleko eziphezulu kakhulu. Ixabiso layo eliphezulu kunye nomgangatho ophezulu kwenza ixabiso layo libe phezulu. I-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini, kwezokwakha nakwezinye iindawo ezineemfuno eziphezulu zokusebenza kokusingqongileyo. Ngenxa yokwahluka kweendawo zemarike, ixabiso le-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo liphantsi, kodwa iimpawu zayo zokusingqongileyo kunye neempawu ezintle zomzimba nezekhemikhali zenza ukuba ifikeleleke ngakumbi kwimarike.
Ngokubanzi, kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-silicone yodidi lokutya kunye ne-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ngokwexabiso kunye nexabiso. I-silicone yodidi lokutya inexabiso eliphezulu kunye nexabiso ngenxa yemigangatho yayo yokhuseleko engqongqo kunye neemfuno zomgangatho ophezulu; ngelixa i-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo inezibonelelo ezithile zexabiso kwizixhobo ezikrwada kunye neenkqubo zemveliso, kwaye ixabiso liphantsi kakhulu, kodwa isebenza kakuhle kwintsebenzo yokusingqongileyo kunye neempawu zomzimba nezekhemikhali, kwaye inexabiso eliphezulu.

Isishwankathelo
Nangona i-silicone yodidi lokutya kunye ne-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo zombini ziyi-silicone, kukho umahluko omkhulu kwiinkalo ezininzi.
Ngokwenkcazo kunye nemigangatho, i-silicone yodidi lokutya isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokunxibelelana kokutya kwaye kufuneka ihlangabezane nemigangatho engqongqo yesizwe kunye neziqinisekiso zamazwe ngamazwe, ezifana ne-China GB 4806.11-2016, i-US FDA 21 CFR 177.2600, i-EU LFGB, njl. Ineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zokucoceka kwezinto eziluhlaza, ulawulo lwenkqubo yemveliso kunye nokhuseleko lokugqibela lwemveliso. I-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo igxile kubuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwemveliso, ukusetyenziswa kunye nonyango lwenkunkuma, kwaye ihambelana nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo efana ne-EU RoHS Directive kunye ne-REACH regulations.
Ngokuphathelele izinto eziluhlaza kunye neenkqubo zemveliso, i-silicone yodidi lokutya isebenzisa isanti ye-silica okanye ye-quartz ecocekileyo kakhulu, iveliswa kwindawo yokusebenzela ecocekileyo, isebenzisa i-platinum vulcanizer, kwaye ivavanywa ngokungqongqo kulo lonke inkqubo. Izinto eziluhlaza ze-silicone ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ziyafumaneka ngokubanzi, amandla acocekileyo asetyenziswa kwimveliso, amanzi amdaka kunye negesi yokukhupha umoya ziphathwa ngokungqongqo, kwaye kugxininiswa ukuphinda kusetyenziswe inkunkuma.
Ngokuphathelele impembelelo yokhuseleko nempilo, i-silicone yodidi lokutya ayinabungozi kwaye ayinabungozi, inomlinganiselo omkhulu wokumelana nobushushu, kwaye izalathisi ezifana nomxholo wesinyithi esinzima zihlangabezana ngqo nemigangatho yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokuqhagamshelana nokutya. Inkqubo yokuvelisa nokusetyenziswa kwe-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ayinangcoliseko ingako, kwaye inkunkuma inokuphinda isetyenziswe kwaye isetyenziswe kwakhona. Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo akunampembelelo ingako kwimpilo yabantu.
Ngokuphathelele iimpawu zomzimba nezekhemikhali, i-silicone yodidi lokutya inokumelana kakuhle nobushushu, ukumelana nokwaluphala kunye nokumelana nokukrazuka, kwaye ifanelekile kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa ixesha elide. I-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo inokuqina okuhle, inokuphinda isetyenziswe kwaye isetyenziswe kwakhona, inozinzo oluphezulu lweekhemikhali, kwaye inokumelana neendawo ezintsonkothileyo zeekhemikhali.
Ngokuphathelele iindawo zokusetyenziswa, i-silicone yodidi lokutya isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokutya nezonyango, ezifana nezixhobo zasekhitshini, ukupakisha ukutya, iimveliso zabantwana, izixhobo zonyango, njl. I-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zoshishino nezokwakha, ezifana nezixhobo ze-elektroniki, ukwenziwa koomatshini, ukuhamba ngeenqwelo moya kunye nomkhosi, ukuvalwa kwezakhiwo kunye nokuhombisa, njl.
Ngokuphathelele ixabiso nexabiso, i-silicone yodidi lokutya ibiza kakhulu ngenxa yeemfuno eziphezulu zokucoceka kwezinto eziluhlaza, ulawulo oluqinileyo lwemveliso, kunye neendleko zokuhlola kunye neziqinisekiso ezisemgangathweni ophezulu. I-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ineendleko eziphantsi zezinto eziluhlaza, inkqubo yemveliso ekhululekileyo, kunye nexabiso eliphantsi.

Ngamafutshane, i-silicone yodidi lokutya kunye ne-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo zineempawu zazo kwaye zifanelekile kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. I-silicone yodidi lokutya ithatha ukhuseleko njengeyona nto iphambili ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kwaye ifanelekile kwiindawo ezineemfuno zempilo eziphezulu kakhulu njengokutya kunye nonyango; i-silicone enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo inentsebenzo ebalaseleyo kukusingqongileyo kwaye ifanelekile kwiindawo ezifana noshishino kunye nolwakhiwo ezinika ingqalelo ngakumbi kwimpembelelo yokusingqongileyo.