Uvavanyo lokufumaneka komswakama kwiipadi ze-silicone hip: iindlela kunye nezenzo
Kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe yanamhlanje, ii-silicone hip pads zithandwa ngabathengi abaninzi ngenxa yentuthuzelo yazo ekhethekileyo, ukuqina kunye nokusebenza kwazo. Kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abathengisa ngobuninzi, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukufuma kwee-silicone hip pads, njengoko oku kunxulumene ngqo nentuthuzelo kunye namava omsebenzisi emveliso. Ii-silicone hip pads ezine-moisture permeability entle zinokukhupha umswakama ngempumelelo, zigcine iimpundu zomile, kwaye zithintele ukwenzeka kweengxaki ezifana ne-eczema, ingakumbi kubantu abahlala okanye abalala ixesha elide. Eli nqaku liza kwazisa indlela yokuvavanya ukufuma kwee-silicone hip pads ngokweenkcukacha ukukunceda uvavanye ngcono kwaye ukhethe iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

1. Umgaqo wovavanyo lokufunxa ukufuma
Ukufuma okubonakalayo kubhekisa kubuchule bento yokuvumela umphunga wamanzi ukuba udlule kumphezulu wayo. Kwii-silicone hip pads, uvavanyo lokufuma okubonakalayo kukuvavanya ukuphefumla kwayo ngokulinganisa isantya apho umphunga wamanzi udlula khona kwizinto ze-silicone phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Umgaqo osisiseko wovavanyo usekelwe ekusasazekeni komphunga wamanzi ukusuka kwicala elinomswakama ophezulu ukuya kwicala elinomswakama ophantsi oqhutywa ngumahluko woxinzelelo kumacala omabini ezinto. Ngokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ubushushu, ukufuma kunye nesantya somoya kwindawo yovavanyo, imeko yokwenyani yokusetyenziswa inokulinganiswa ukuze kuchongwe ngokuchanekileyo ukufuma okubonakalayo kwe-silicone hip pad.

2. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuvavanya ukufuma komswakama
(I) Indlela yokufunxa umswakama (i-desiccant)
Ukulungiselela uvavanyo
Khetha i-desiccant efanelekileyo, edla ngokuba yi-calcium chloride engenamanzi, enobukhulu beentwana eziphakathi kwe-0.63 - 2.5mm. Beka i-desiccant kwi-oven kwi-160℃ iiyure ezi-3 ukuqinisekisa ukuba yomile ngokupheleleyo ukuze ikwazi ukufunxa ngokuchanekileyo umphunga wamanzi.
Lungisa indebe yovavanyo ecocekileyo neyomileyo uze ufake malunga ne-35g ye-desiccant epholileyo kuyo. Shukumisa kancinci indebe yovavanyo ukuze i-desiccant ibe yi-plane, kwaye umphezulu wayo kufuneka ube ngaphantsi kwe-4mm kunesampuli ukuze ushiye indawo eyaneleyo yesampuli kwaye uqinisekise ukuba i-desiccant idibana kakuhle nesampuli.
Sika isampuli ye-silicone hip pad ibe nkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuze ikwazi ukugubungela ngokupheleleyo umphezulu wekomityi yovavanyo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba umphezulu wovavanyo ujonge phezulu.
Inkqubo yovavanyo
Faka indibano yekomityi yovavanyo equlethe i-desiccant kunye nesampuli kwisixhobo sovavanyo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ubushushu kunye nokufuma kwendawo yovavanyo kuyahlangabezana neemfuno ezisemgangathweni, ngokubanzi i-23℃ kunye ne-50% yokufuma okufanelekileyo.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lovavanyo, vumela indebe yovavanyo ilingane kwindawo yovavanyo kangangeyure e-1 ukuze isampuli kunye ne-desiccant zilungelelanise iimeko zendalo. Emva koko khupha indebe yovavanyo, uyibeke kwi-desiccator kwaye uyilinganise kangangesiqingatha seyure, uze uyilinganise kwaye urekhode ubunzima bokuqala be-M1.
Buyisela indebe yovavanyo kwisixhobo sovavanyo uze uyivavanye ngexesha elichazwe kwimigaqo eqhelekileyo okanye yovavanyo, ngesiqhelo iiyure ezingama-24. Emva kovavanyo, khupha indebe yovavanyo kwakhona, uyibeke kwi-desiccator uze uyilinganise kangangesiqingatha seyure, uze uyilinganise kwaye urekhode ubunzima bokugqibela be-M2.
Ubalo lweziphumo
Ukukwazi ukukhupha umswakama (WVT) kungabalwa ngale fomyula ilandelayo: WVT = (M2 – M1) / (A × t), apho u-A yindawo yesampulu kwaye u-t lixesha lovavanyo. Le fomyula ibonisa ukuba ukukwazi ukukhupha umswakama kulingana nobunzima bomphunga wamanzi odlula kwisampulu kwindawo yeyunithi ngexesha leyunithi. Umzekelo, ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba utshintsho lobunzima besampulu emva kweeyure ezingama-24 yi-1.2g, kwaye indawo yesampulu yi-100cm², ngoko ukukwazi ukukhupha umswakama yi-1.2g / (100cm² × 24h) = 0.005g / (cm²・h).

(II) Indlela yokuphuma komphunga (indebe yamanzi acocekileyo)
Ukulungiselela uvavanyo
Sebenzisa isilinda yokulinganisa ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo amanzi kubushushu obufanayo neemeko zovavanyo. Ubungakanani bamanzi kufuneka bumiselwe ngokweemfuno zomgangatho ngamnye. Umzekelo, kweminye imigangatho, i-100 ml yamanzi ingadinga ukulinganiswa.
Isampulu ye-silicone hip pad ifakwe ngononophelo kwindebe yovavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isitywino phakathi kwesampulu nendebe yovavanyo silungile ukuthintela ukuvuza kwamanzi okanye ukungena komoya wangaphandle, nto leyo enokuchaphazela iziphumo zovavanyo.
Inkqubo yovavanyo
Beka indebe ecacileyo yekomityi yovavanyo enamanzi kunye nesampuli kwisixhobo sovavanyo. Ubushushu kunye nokufuma kwendawo yovavanyo kufuneka kuhlangabezane neemfuno ezisemgangathweni, ezinje ngama-23℃ kunye nama-50% okufuma.
Vumela indebe yovavanyo ilingane kwindawo yovavanyo kangangexesha elithile, njengeyure e-1, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isampuli kunye namanzi ziyahambelana neemeko zendalo. Emva koko linganisa ubunzima bokuqala bendebe yovavanyo i-M1.
Yenza uvavanyo ngexesha elichaziweyo lovavanyo, ngesiqhelo iiyure ezingama-24. Emva kovavanyo, phinda ulinganise ubunzima bekomityi yovavanyo i-M2.
Ubalo lweziphumo
Ifomula yokubala yesantya sokudluliselwa komphunga wamanzi (WVT) yile: WVT = (M1 – M2) / (A × t). Ngokungafaniyo nendlela yokufunxa umswakama, ubunzima bokuqala i-M1 bukhulu kunobunzima bokugqibela i-M2 kuba amanzi ayaphuma ngesampulu ngexesha lovavanyo. Umzekelo, ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba ubunzima bekomityi yovavanyo bunciphile nge-0.8g emva kweeyure ezingama-24 kwaye indawo yesampulu yi-100cm², ukuvuleka komswakama yi-0.8g/(100cm² × 24h) = 0.0033g/(cm²・h).
(III) Indlela yokuphuma komphunga (amanzi ekomityi eguqulweyo)
Ukulungiselela uvavanyo
Njengendlela yamanzi e-positive cup, sebenzisa isilinda sokulinganisa ukulinganisa amanzi kubushushu obufanayo neemeko zovavanyo kwaye umisele ubungakanani bamanzi ngokweemfuno ezisemgangathweni.
Lungisa isampuli ye-silicone hip pad kwikomityi yovavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukutywinwa kakuhle.
Inkqubo yovavanyo
Beka indebe yovavanyo eguqulweyo enamanzi kunye nesampuli kwisixhobo sovavanyo ukuze isampuli ifikelele kumphezulu wamanzi. Ubushushu kunye nokufuma kwendawo yovavanyo kufuneka kugcinwe kuzinzile, njenge-23℃ kunye ne-50% yokufuma.
Emva kokulinganisela, linganisa ubunzima bokuqala be-M1 yekomityi yovavanyo.
Yenza uvavanyo ngexesha elichaziweyo lovavanyo, njengeeyure ezingama-24, uze ulinganise ubunzima bokugqibela bekomityi yovavanyo i-M2.
Ubalo lweziphumo
Ifomula yokubala yesantya sokudluliselwa komphunga wamanzi (WVT) ikwayile: WVT = (M1 – M2) / (A × t). Umahluko phakathi kwendlela yamanzi ekwindebe eguqulweyo kunye nendlela eqhelekileyo yamanzi ekwindebe kukuba amanzi abekwa kwindebe yovavanyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Indlela yamanzi ekwindebe eguqulweyo ivumela isampuli ukuba iqhagamshelane ngqo namanzi, nto leyo enokuba kufutshane nezinye iimeko zokusetyenziswa, njengokufumaneka komswakama kwii-hip pads kwindawo enomswakama.
(IV) Indlela ye-potassium acetate
Ukulungiselela uvavanyo
Faka isisombululo se-potassium acetate esigcweleyo kwikomityi yovavanyo, kwaye ubungakanani besisombululo bumalunga ne-2/3 yokuphakama kwekomityi. Isisombululo se-potassium acetate sineempawu ezithile zokufuma kwaye sinokubonelela ngendawo yokufuma ezinzileyo ngexesha lovavanyo.
Vala ngononophelo isampuli ye-silicone hip pad emlonyeni wekomityi yovavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba itywiniwe kakuhle ukuthintela ukufuma kwesisombululo okanye ukungena komswakama wangaphandle.
Inkqubo yovavanyo
Beka indebe yovavanyo kunye nesampuli evaliweyo ijongiswe ezantsi kwitanki yamanzi ovavanyo. Itanki yamanzi ovavanyo kufuneka iqulathe isixa esithile sesisombululo se-potassium acetate esigcweleyo ukugcina ukufuma kwendawo yovavanyo kuzinzile.
Linganisa ubunzima obupheleleyo be-M1 yekomityi yovavanyo ngaphambi kovavanyo, uze ulinganise ubunzima obupheleleyo be-M2 yekomityi yovavanyo kwakhona emva kwemizuzu eli-15, uze ubhale phantsi idatha yobunzima obubini.
Ubalo lweziphumo
Ukufuma kwamanzi kubalwa ngokusekelwe kutshintsho lobunzima, kodwa ngenxa yexesha lovavanyo olukhethekileyo kunye neemeko zendlela ye-potassium acetate, ifomula yayo yokubala inokwahluka kancinci, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukubhekisa kwimigangatho ethile, efana nendlela ye-JIS L1099 B-1, indlela ye-JIS L1099 B-2, ISO 14956, njl.

3. Izinto ezichaphazela uvavanyo lokufumaneka komswakama
(I) Iimeko zokusingqongileyo
Ubushushu kunye nokufuma zezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwindalo esingqongileyo ezichaphazela iziphumo zovavanyo lokufunxa umswakama. Imigangatho eyahlukeneyo yovavanyo ichaza iimeko ezahlukeneyo zobushushu kunye nokufuma. Umzekelo, eminye imigangatho ichaza ubushushu bovavanyo obuyi-23°C kunye nokufuma okuthelekisekayo kwe-50%, ngelixa eminye imigangatho inokufuna ubushushu obuphezulu okanye ukufuma. Utshintsho kubushushu kunye nokufuma luya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo izinga lokusasazeka komphunga wamanzi kwi-silicone hip pad. Ngokubanzi, njengoko ubushushu bunyuka, intshukumo ye-molecular iyaqina, izinga lokusasazeka komphunga wamanzi liyakhawuleza, kwaye ukufuma komswakama kuyanda; okukhona umahluko omkhulu wokufuma, kokukhona amandla okuqhuba komphunga wamanzi eba makhulu, kwaye kokukhona ukufuma komswakama kuphezulu.
(II) Ixesha lovavanyo
Ubude bexesha lovavanyo bunempembelelo ethile kwiziphumo zovavanyo lokungangeni komswakama. Ixesha elide lovavanyo linokubonisa ngokuchanekileyo ukungenwa komswakama kwesampuli ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, kodwa linokubangela ukuguquguquka kweemeko zendalo ngexesha lovavanyo, ngaloo ndlela kuzisa iimpazamo. Ke ngoko, xa ukhetha ixesha lovavanyo, kuyimfuneko ukwenza ingqwalasela epheleleyo ngokusekelwe ekusetyenzisweni kwemveliso kunye neemfuno zomgangatho wovavanyo.
(III) Ukulungiswa kwesampulu
Inkqubo yokulungiselela isampuli ibandakanya amanyathelo anjengokusika, ukucoca kunye nokufakela isampuli. Ukubekwa emgangathweni kwala manyathelo kuya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuchaneka kweziphumo zovavanyo. Ubungakanani besampuli kufuneka buhlangabezane neemfuno ezisemgangathweni, kwaye imiphetho mayibe ntle, ingenamonakalo kunye nemibimbi, ukuze kuthintelwe ukuvuza okanye ukuqokelelwa komphunga wamanzi wasekuhlaleni, okuya kuchaphazela iziphumo zovavanyo. Ukongeza, xa ufaka isampuli, qinisekisa ukuba isitywino phakathi kwesampuli kunye nekomityi yovavanyo silungile ukuthintela ukungena komoya wangaphandle okanye ukuvuza komphunga wamanzi wangaphakathi.
(IV) Izixhobo zovavanyo
Ukuchaneka nokuzinza kwezixhobo zovavanyo kubalulekile kwiziphumo zovavanyo lokungangeni komswakama. Izixhobo zokulinganisa ezichanekileyo zinokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo utshintsho lobunzima bendebe yovavanyo, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ukuchaneka kokubala kokungangeni komswakama. Kwangaxeshanye, inkqubo yokulawula ubushushu kunye nokufuma yezixhobo zovavanyo kufuneka ikwazi ukugcina ngokuzinzileyo iimeko zendalo ezimiselweyo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphambuka kwiziphumo zovavanyo ngenxa yokuguquguquka kweemeko zendalo. Ukongeza, ukubekwa kwesantya somoya kwezixhobo kuya kuchaphazela neziphumo zovavanyo, kuba isantya somoya siya kutshintsha imeko yokuhamba komoya ojikeleze indebe yovavanyo, ngaloo ndlela sichaphazela izinga lokusasazeka komphunga wamanzi.
(V) Ukusebenza kwe-desiccant
Kuvavanyo lokufunxa umswakama, ukusebenza kwe-desiccant kunempembelelo ngqo kwiziphumo zovavanyo. Izinto ezinje ngomthamo wokufunxa amanzi, ukusasazwa kobungakanani besuntswana kunye nomthamo we-desiccant ziya kuchaphazela izinga lokufunxa kwayo kunye nobungakanani bomphunga wamanzi. I-Anhydrous calcium chloride yi-desiccant esetyenziswa rhoqo enekhono lokufunxa amanzi elinamandla, kodwa ukuba ubungakanani besuntswana bukhulu kakhulu okanye buncinci kakhulu, inokuchaphazela indawo yayo yokunxibelelana kunye nesantya sokuphendula nomphunga wamanzi, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuphambukeni kwiziphumo zovavanyo. Ke ngoko, xa usebenzisa i-desiccant, kufuneka ikhethwe kwaye icutshungulwe ngokuhambelana neemfuno ezisemgangathweni ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana nokuzinza kokusebenza kwayo.

4. Indlela yokukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokuvavanya ukufuma
(I) Ukukhetha ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zemveliso
Iimveliso ezahlukeneyo ze-silicone hip pad zinokuba neempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno zokusetyenziswa, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokuvavanya ukufuma. Umzekelo, kwii-silicone hip pads ezinobukhulu obuncinci kunye nokufuma okuhle komoya, indlela yokufunxa ukufuma okanye indlela yokufuma ingasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ngokuchanekileyo ukufuma kwayo.ii-silicone hip padsngobuninzi obukhulu kunye noxinano oluphezulu, kunokufuneka ukhethe iindlela zovavanyo ezifana nendlela ye-potassium acetate enokubonelela ngendawo yokufuma ezinzileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kweziphumo zovavanyo.
(II) Cinga ngeenjongo zovavanyo kunye nemeko yesicelo
Injongo yovavanyo kunye nemeko yesicelo nazo ziziseko ezibalulekileyo zokukhetha indlela yovavanyo lokufunxa ukufuma. Ukuba kukuvavanya ukufunxa ukufuma kwee-silicone hip pads kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo zangaphakathi, indlela yokufunxa ukufuma okanye indlela yokufuma ingakhethwa ukuze kulinganiswe iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla. Ukuba kufundwe ukusebenza kwayo kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo, ezinje ngokufuma okuphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nezinye iindawo, kunokufuneka ukuba kukhethwe indlela yovavanyo efanelekileyo okanye kulungiswe indawo yovavanyo ngokweemeko ezithile.
(III) Isalathiso kwimigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye neendlela zokwenza ishishini
Kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe, amazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nemimandla inokwamkela imigangatho eyahlukeneyo yovavanyo lokufuma. Ke ngoko, xa kukhethwa indlela yovavanyo, kufuneka kubhekiswe kwimigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye neendlela zoshishino, ezifana ne-ASTM E96, ISO 14956, njl.njl., ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo ziyahambelana. Ukongeza, ukuqonda iimfuno zemarike ekujoliswe kuyo kunye nemigangatho eyaziwayo yovavanyo lokufuma kuya kunceda ukukhetha iindlela zovavanyo ezifanelekileyo kunye nokuphucula ukhuphiswano lwemarike lweemveliso.

5. Isishwankathelo
Uvavanyo lokufunxa ukufuma kwee-silicone hip pads yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuvavanya intuthuzelo kunye nokusebenza kwazo. Ngeendlela zovavanyo ezivezwe apha ngasentla, ezifana nendlela yokufunxa ukufuma, indlela yokuphuma komphunga kunye nendlela ye-potassium acetate, ukufunxa ukufuma kwee-silicone hip pads kunokumiselwa ngokuchanekileyo, kubonelelwe ngenkxaso enamandla yophando nophuhliso lwemveliso, imveliso kunye nokuthengiswa. Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, izinto ezifana neempawu zemveliso, injongo yovavanyo kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo ukuze kukhethwe iindlela zovavanyo ezifanelekileyo, kwaye iimeko zovavanyo kufuneka zilawulwe ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka kweziphumo zovavanyo. Kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abathengisa ngobuninzi, ukuqonda ukubaluleka kweendlela zovavanyo lokufunxa ukufuma kunye neziphumo kuya kunceda ukukhetha ngcono iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemarike kunye nokuphucula ulwaneliseko lwabathengi.